The house of Luxembourg-Limburg, or the Luxembourg dynasty, ruled the county (later the duchy) of Luxembourg from 1247 to 1437. The founder of the house is Henry V (1216-1281), who is the son of Waleran III, Duke of Limburg, and Eirmsinde of Luxembourg, the heiress of the county. Eirmsinde, being the only descendent of the main branch of the House of Namur, passes her land of the county of Luxembourg to her son Henry, who started the new line of Luxembourg-Limburg as he became Count of Luxembourg in 1247. Henry also inherited land from his father, the Duke of Limburg, and became the Count of Arlon and Lord of Ligny.

In 1288, the family get involved in the Battle of Worringen to support their Limburg cousin in the succession of Limburg. All of Henry V’s three sons perished in the battle, including his eldest son Henry VI, the Count of Luxembourg, and his younger son Waleran, who got his father’s title the Lord of Ligny and started the younger branch of the family.

After his father’s death, the 15-year-old Henry VII became the Count of Luxembourg.